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G. GAVIOLI. MECHANISM FOR AGTUATING KEYBOARDS BY MEANS OF PERFORATEDCARDS.

No. 531,413. Patented Dec. 25,1894.

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0. GAVIO-LI. MECHANISM FOR AGTUATING KEYBOARDS BY MEANS OF PERFORATEDCARDS.

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G. GAVIOLI. MECHANISM FOR AGTUATING KEYBOARDS BY MEANS O1? PERFORATED YCARDS. No. 531,413. Patented Dec. 25,1894.

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0. GAVIOLI. MECHANISM FOR AGTUATING KEYBOARDS BY MEANS OF PERFORATBDGARDS.

Patented Dec. 25, 1894.

Ultimate STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLAUDE GAVIOLI, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

MECHANISM FOR ACTUATING KEYBOARDS BY MEANS OF PERFORATED CARDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 531,413, dated December25, 1894.

Application filed May 3, 1894- Serial No. 509,916. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CLAUDE GAVIOLI, a subject of the King of Italy,residing at Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Mechanism for Actuating, by Means ofPerforated Cards, the Keyboards of Organs and the Like, of which thefollowing is a specification.

In spite of the progress realized by organbuilders in the means ofproducing automatical music, all the attempts made to enable themechanical accompaniment of plain-chant and other church music, whileobserving the rhythm, have heretofore given no practical result.

This invention relates to an apparatus which may be adapted to thekey-boards of organs and harmoniums, and by means of which any singermay become an organist without previous study; the chords correspondingto the plain-chant notes being formed by pressing upon a lever or handlesituated in front of the apparatus, in following the rhythm of themusic, and the accompaniment being performed as by the play of anexperienced organist.

My invention consists of certain features of construction andcombination of parts to be hereinafter described and then particularizedin the claims.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, reference is madeto the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional view ofa part of the case of the apparatus, showing the feeding mechanism forthe perforated cards. Fig. 2 is a plan or top view of the apparatus,showing the perforated card in its passage at the upper part of thesame. Fig. 2 is a section lengthwise of the perforated cards showing theconstruction whereby the cards without stopping the mechanism, arepermitted to follow each other successively. Fig. is a crosssection ofthe apparatus, and Fig. i is a longitudinal section of the same, partlyin elevation'. Fig. 5 is a plan view showing an alternative form of themovable frame actuated through the outer operating handle. Fig. 6

shows the arrangement which may be adopted when it is desired to placemy apparatus, not directly on the organ key, but in front of thekey-board.

Fig. 7 is a front view of the apparatus, showing it placed on thekey-board of an organ. Fig. 8 is a plan view illustrating the key-leversof the apparatus. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of the apparatusshowing some of the devices connected to and operated by one of theoperating levers of said apparatus. Figs. 10 and 11 relate respectivelyto the arrangements adopted for enabling short notes and slurred notesto be produced. Fig. 10 is a detail perspective view of the parts usedfor producing short and slurred notes.

My apparatus operates by means of perforated cards X, on which I markthe words and signs indicating the value of the notes corresponding toeach syllable. In Fig. 2 these signs are shown placed immediately belowthe words. As the cards advance, each of these signs comes oppositeafinger 1 (Fig. 2), and thus the singer may, by simply inspecting thissign, know the rate at which he has to operate the hand-lever. He maythus give to the note delivered by the organ its exact value.

In order to enable the accompanist, without any study, to properlyperform the musical piece, I have combined my mechanism so that theinterval between one chord and another as well as the slurred notes, thedetached notes and even the pauses, are produced automatically asperfectly and regularly as by an organist playing directly on thekeyboard 0 of the organ. A suitable case A contains the mechanism of theapparatus and is provided with a cover 0' which is hinged thereto at Oand provided with a knob O for lifting it by. The handle A which isshown in the several views of the drawings, projecting at the front ofthe case A through an opening Ct is formed integral with the operatingarm, or better, with the driving frame located inside the case. The twooperating levers B forming part of said frame are connected by across-bar b (Fig. 4) at their movable or outer end, and this cross-bar17 serves, as will be seen hereinafter, to operate the several parts ofthe mechanism. Said levers B are connected together, at their other end,by a rock-shaft c (Fig. 1) through which they swing between the twoboxes 0 in which the shaft has bearing. Instead of employing thismovable frame arrangement B, b, c, I may adopt the arrangementillustrated in Fig. 5, in which both levers B are always connected infront by a cross-bar 1) adapted to actuate the parts of the mechanism.These two levers are always pivoted in the side bearings C, but theycarry at the rear a counter-poise 2 which tends to return the frame toits normal position when the handle A is relieved from pressure.

In the following description, I will assume that the arrangementillustrated in Figs. 1, 3 and a is adopted.

The frame B, b, c, is held by a spring D (Fig. 4) which is attached tothe case A at (l and also to the lever B of the frame opposite thehandle A, and tends to pull the frame upward. The attachment of saidspring and movable frame is etfectuated by means of a hook E and a pin esecured to the frame. On this same lever of the frame B, b, 0, withinthe latter and in close proximity to the fulcrum c, is pivoted at 3 tothe frame B, b, c, a movable arm F (Fig. 1) which serves to move theperforated cards forward. By means of the spring G attached to themovable arm F and bearing down on the lever B through a pin H, the arm Fis caused to adhere to the upper part of the case, or better, tendsconstantly to bear against the inner face of the upper part of the case.Said arm F is guided at its movable end by a lateral guide finger fwhich is received in a groove or notch in a bracket or lug at fixed tothe case, and thereby preventing Vibration of the arm. Extendingdownwardly from the outer end of arm F is a foot-piece I (Fig. 1), in aforked part at the center of which foot-piece is pivoted, a bellcranklever 5 which, with its toothed trident shaped end 5, enters three ofthe equidistant holes of the row of holes 6 (Fig. 2) formed on the cardX. The other end J of the bell-crank lever 5 receives, through thespring blade K projecting from and screwed under the lever B themovement which compels the toothed end to advance the card X thedistance of a hole whenever the movable frame B, b, c, rises. Onpressing upon the handle A and when the frame B, b, c, beginsto movedown, drawn by the handle, the pivoted arm F remains sta tionary; butthe frame B, b, c, in approaching the end of its stroke, strikes theprojectign toe L of foot-piece I, and carries the same downwardly withit until it arrives at the end of its stroke, as indicated in dottedlines Fig. 1. This impulse of foot-piece I causes the arm F to movedown, since thelatter is made integral with said piece I. The bell-cranklever 5 moves down simultaneously with the foot-piece I, and the trident5 leaves the holes 6 formed on the card; but immediately said trident isforced from the left to the right by the action of spring M (Fig. 1), sothat when the handle in returning leaves the piece F to be acted upon byits spring G, the trident will ascend at the same time, but will notplace itself in the same card holes as before, but in holes more at theright and will push the card from right to left, until the upper part ofbell-crank lever 5 bears against its stop formed by one end of the yokeN (Fig. 1) affixed to arm F. It is consequently through successivemotions that the cards advance each time the handle A is depressed, andthe card-holes composing a chord will come over the inclined noses (3 ofthe L-shaped keys 7 of a small metallic keyboard pivoted at 8 andprovided with springs as hereinafter set forth. Said inclined noses (3of the keys by entering the card-holes, allow, as will presently beexplained, the frame B, b, c, to act upon the corresponding keys of thekey-board, while on the contrary the noses 6, arrested by the solidparts of the card, prevent any action of said frame 13,1), 0, on thecorresponding keys of the organ.

To the lower end of each key '7 carrying at its upper part the nose 6,is pivoted a rod 0 which serves to transmit the action of the drivingframe B, b, c, to the levers S pivoted at one end to the frame of theapparatus (Figs. 4: and 9). Each metallic key '7 is actuated by a spring9 which is affixed to the top of the case and bears upon the heel 7 ofthe key, the function of which spring is to cause the inclined nose 6 ofthe key to enter the card-holes. l/Vhen one of said holes appears over anose 0, the corresponding key 7 swings around its fulcrum 8, and thecorresponding rod 0 is shifted to the left and comes into position to beacted upon, at its end, by the cross-bar b of frame B, b, 0, when adownward pressure has been exerted on the handle A.

Fig. 9 in which is shown the detail of one key only, will enable any oneto readily understand the movementjust referred to, which could havehardly been explained by reference to Fig. 4 where allthe parts of themechanism are illustrated.

The ends of rods 0 are guided, and each of them slides in a notch 0'(Fig. 3) provided in the plate R (Figs. 3, 4; and 9). It is evident thatthe notches 7' cannot be seen in Figs. 1 and 9, in both of which plate Ris seen only from its end. The notches r of plate R are ofa suitabledepth to allow a vertical shifting of the rods to an extent equal to theverticalshit'ting which is to be imparted to the organ keys. In the samenotches provided in the piece ll enter the curved end-projections S oftwo rows of striker levers S formed of metallic blades having the samethickness as the rods 0 As seen in Figs. at and 9, the ends .9 ofstriker levers S are in contact with the lower sides of the rods 0 Onerow of the strikerlevers S may swing around an axis 9 placed in thenotched cross-piece U of front-piece T on which the case A is mounted(Fig. 3), the pivot of the other row of levers S being placedsymmetrically to the left of the apparatus. To better explain thisarrangement,

We will suppose the first striker lever S in front of the apparatus asseen in Fig. 4, to have its fulcrum at 9 011 the notched part U of thefront-piece T. The second striker-lever will be directed toward the leftof the apparatus instead of the right, and will have its fulcrum at theleft end of front-piece T which carries also a notched piece U and thethird striker-lever will have the same fulcrum 9 as the first one, andso on for the striker-levers of uneven number,-the striker-levers ofeven number having their fulcrums at the left end of the apparatus (Fig.4). On the underside of each of these levers S is fixed a striker orprojecting pawl 10. Said strikers 1O put levers S in connection throughimpact with another row of wooden key-levers V (Figs. 3 and 8). Thisconnection is not actual, as each striker 10 merely impinges against itscorresponding lever V when its own lever S falls. Each striker 10 issecured, on its corresponding lever S, at such a distance from the pivot9 of the lever, that when all the levers are arranged in the apparatus,the strikers come close together, being separated with relation to eachother at a distance equal to the interval between each lever S.

The key-levers V above referred to, which correspond to the organ keys0, are placed in the same direction as the latter and consequently theycross the metal striker-levers S.

As shown in Fig. 3, the wooden key-levers V swing in notches provided inthe wooden bar WV forming the back of the frame X which is placed on thekey-board of the organ. By means of screws Y, placed at the four cornersof the frame, as indicated in Fig. 8, the suitable height to be given tothe apparatus on the key-board of the organ may be regulated.

On the front part of the apparatus, placed on the left of Fig. 3, isprovided a rectangular opening V into which lead the ends of the Woodenkey-levers V. This rectangular apperture V is provided with parallelbrass guide-rods Z (Fig. 3), leaving between them a certain space, andeach of the forward ends of said key-levers V enters one of thesespaces, so that it is guided by the two rods.

The key-levers V, in descending under the action of the strikers 10 oflevers S, come in contact at their free ends with a laterally shiftablewooden stop-bar a (Figs. 3 and 7) which extends throughout the entirelength of the apparatus, as indicated in Fig. 7, and is supported onfour short arms 11 that depend from a shaft 12 which has suitablebearing in the front-piece T. The stop-bar a is subjected, through oneof these short arms 11, to the action of a spring 13 which tends to keepit constantly applied under the ends of key-levers V, so that afterhaving been thrown away by the depression of the same it tends to resumeits original position, preventing those levers Vwhich have beenloweredfron1 moving upward until the apparatus is again actuated so asto depress other levers V which, in removing again the stop-bar 0, allowthe levers depressed in the preceding operation to rise again. Thisarrangemement enables the production of slurred notes and to prolong thesame, even when ceasing to keep the handle A depressed. On the contrary,the stopping of the action of stop-bar a on the ends of the key-levers Vis snfiicient to produce ad Zibitam, either detached notes or notesfollowed by pauses. Regarding the notes which are to follow each otherwithout any interval as it were, although not being slurred notes, arather great difficulty has been experienced. The

operating frame B, b, c, acting upon the notes only aftenhavingcompleted its necessary upward and downward stroke to move the cardforward, there was left a too great interval between one note andanother, thus preventing a proper musical performance. To overcome thisinconvenience and to be able to reduce the interval between one note andanother, as far as necessary for a note which is neither a slurred nor adetached note, I have devised the following means: I adjoin to thestop-bar a a roller 0, (Figs. 3 and 7,) supported from the rock-shaft 12by two arms 14 (Fig.7). On the inner leverB of the operatingframe isfurther secured a depending-bracket d (Figs. 3, 4 and 11), at the end ofwhich is pivoted a pawl e acted upon by a spring 3. This pawl 6' actsupon the roller O when the operating frame is being depressed, and hasno action when said frame moves upward, as seen in Fig. When theoperating frame is first moved and is being depressed, the pawl cthrough the roller 0, moves the stop'bar a away from the ends ofkey-levers V, so that the levers which were depressed and held by thepiece a are free to move upward. lVhen pawl c has arrived in contactwith the periphery of roller 0' located in the horizontal plane passingthrough the axis of the roller, the latter may return to the right (Fig.3) as well as the stop-bar 0. which arrests the last depressedkey-levers and prevents them from moving upward. in this way, there isaslight interval between the note or chord which was produced and thenext succeeding one. After having removed this difficulty, thereremained to find the means of producing the pauses by stopping theaction of the stop-bar a, and the means of producing slurred notes, bystopping the action of the pawl c. To this end, I use the first twoL-shaped keys 7 and the corresponding inclined noses 6 there of. Thefirst key or inclined nose 6 is designed to stop the action of stop-bara, and the second key or inclined nose 6 is designed to produce theslurred notes, that is, to stop the action of pawl c.

I will now examine successively the several mechanisms.

First. The pauses, Figs. 3, i and 10: A brass plate J is fixed withinthe front part of the case containing the mechanism. On this plate ispivoted a bent lever Z the curved end Z of which embraces the plate .l.\Vhen the card is pierced with a hole which passes over the first nose6, the inclined nose enters said hole and, through the corresponding key7, moves the rod g forward (Fig. 4-) until it reaches the curved upperpart Z of lever Z forming a stop. Then the end of rod g touches the stopZ of lever Z, it stops and cannot then advance any farther. In thismovement the rod g slides in a circular aperture provided in the plate2' formed integral with the bracket (1 which is itself located on theoperatingframe 13. "When the operating -frame descends, it carries thebracket d along with it and consequently plate which forces the rod 9'downward. In this movement to which lever Z does not contribute, the endof rod g slides vertically upon the inner side of the stop Z and thereisa moment where having passed the lower edge of stop Z it no longerrests against the same. Rod g continues then to move toward the leftpassing underneath the stop Z and the nose 6 corresponding to red gpenetrates entirely the hole of the card placed above it. When theoperating-frame moves up again, the rod g is carried along by the plate2' and bears against stop Z of lever Z. In striking against this stoplthe lever Z is caused to tilt, so that its end Z comes in contact withthe roller 0, Fig. 7. This has the effect of moving the stop-bar a awayfrom the ends of key-levers V, so that the ends which were retained bysaid piece move up simultaneously with the operating handle A. Thisaction of the rod will cease as soon as the solid part of the cardcauses the nose 6, corresponding to said actuated key 7, to enter thehole again; and, by means of the counterpoise Z the bent lever Z willresume its original position.

Second. The slurred notes: To the L-shaped key 7 corresponding to thesecond inclined nose (3 (Figs. 3, 4 and 11), is pivoted a finger or flatpart h capable of sliding in an elongated opening t provided in thelateral plate t formed integral with the bracket cZ' fixed to the innerarm 13 of the driving frame. As long as the card presents a solid parton the inclined nose 6, the flat end h will remain clear of the pawlstem 15; but as soon as a card-hole comes over the nose, it will ascend,under the action of its spring q; the corresponding key 7 swings aroundits axis 8, and the flat part of finger it bears upon the pawl stem 15,and in the upward movement of the frame If, the pawl moving upsimultaneously with the frame, swings out of contact with roller C. Thepawl stem, during this rotation, is released from the flat part offinger h which, being no longer retained by the pawl, completes itsstroke; and the pawl stem comes then in contact with the side of thefiat part of finger h and cannot fall back when it has left roller 0'.At the next chord, assuming that the flat piece 7t has not moved, thepawl in descending shall have no action on the roller 0 as long as asolid part of the card will not, by acting on the second nose 6,

- compel the piece h to move back. By this means I stop the action ofthe pawl on roller C and thereby cause formation of slurred notes.

As above stated, the inclined noses 6 are actuated by perforated cards.The card may be introduced into the apparatus by lifting the metal plate0' (Fig. 2) which is retained, while the apparatus is operating, bymeans of a suitable nut. The toothed or trident end of bell-crank 5 isintroduced into the first cardholes serving to carry it along. Cards ofa sufficient length for long musical pieces may be used, by folding themas practiced in other instruments having perforated cards. Forcanticles, where the same subject is repeated a certain number oftimes,a considerable economy would be realized in using the sameperforated card for accompanying all the strokes. The difficulty toattain this result is due to the interval which would exist between eachstroke during the time necessary to withdraw the cardand replace thesame. To overcome this difficulty, I have devised a combined means whichconsists in having two cards on each of which is contained theaccompaniment of the whole stroke. The first card is introduced in thecase and the apparatus is operated. When the last chord is given, theend of the first card 18, having passed the edge 1S,see Fig. 2", fallsto an extent equal to the thickness of said edge and enables theoperator, after he has lifted the cover, to move along the second card17 until its first hole 6 engages the last trident tooth, and in furtheroperating the organ, the first card leaves the instrument while thesecond card serves to operate the same. This second card may beintroduced very rapidly without producing a too considerable intervalbetween two consecutive strokes.

Fig. 6 shows the arrangements which I propose to adopt when themechanism is not to be disposed directly on the organ-keys. In thiscase, to the rear end of each key-lever V is attached a spring 19 which,when said key is being shifted, acts through the butts or shoulders 21and 22 of piece 20, upon the corresponding key of the organ.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards oforgans, the combination, with a case provided with a top opening, and anoperating frame movably mounted therein, of an arm pivoted to saidframe, a foot-piece projecting downwardly from said arm, and providedwith a toe at its lower end adapted to be struck by said frame, and aspring-actuated lever pivoted to said foot-piece and provided with atoothed end and adapted to project through said opening and engageperforated cards, substantially as set forth.

2. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, the combinationwitha case provided with a top opening and adapted to be supported uponthe key-board, and an operating-frame movably mounted within the case,of a spring-actuated arm pivoted to said operating-frame, and providedwith a finger at its free end, a notched lug fixed near the opening inthe case and adapted to receive and guide said finger, a foot-piecedepending from said pivoted arm, and provided with a toe at its lowerend adapted to be struck by said frame, a bell-crank lever pivotallysupported on said foot-piece and provided with a toothed upper endprojecting through the opening of the case, and springs for actuatingsaid bell-crank lever, substantially as set forth.

3. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, the combinationwith a case provided with a top opening, and a movable operating-framesupported within said case, of a spring-actuated arm pivoted to saidframe, a foot-piece depending from said arm and provided with a toeadapted to be engaged by said operating-frame, a bell-crank leverpivoted to said foot-piece and provided with a toothed upper end,adapted to project through the opening of the case, springs foractuating said bell-crank lever, and a yoke fixed to said armforlimiting the movements of said bell-crank lever, substantially as setforth.

4. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, the combinationwith a case provided with a top opening, a movable frame pivoted in saidcase, and an operating handle projecting from said frame, of aspring-actuated arm pivoted to said frame and provided with a finger atits free end, a notched lug secured to said case for guiding the finger,a foot-piece depending from said lever and provided with a projectingtoe at its lower end, adapted to be engaged by said movable frame, and aspring-actuated bell-crank-lever pivoted to said foot-piece and providedwith a toothed upper end adapted to project through said opening,substantially as set forth.

5. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, the combinationwith a case and a movable frame supported within said case, of keyspivoted within the upper part of said case and provided with projectingnoses adapted to be engaged by perforated cards, springs acting on saidkeys, rods pivoted to the lower portions of said keys, means for guidingsaid rods, key-levers adapted to engage the respective keys of the organboard, and means interposed between said pivoted rods and key-levers,whereby when said movable frame is depressed to engage said rods, saidkey-levers are operated, substantially as set forth.

6. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, the combinationwith a case and an operating-frame movably supported within said case,of a transverse slotted guideplate supported in the case, keys pivotedin the upper part of said case and provided with noses adapted to takeinto perforated cards, rods pivoted to the lower portions of said keys,and guided within said slotted plate, strikerlevers pivotally supportedin the base of the case, and projecting at their free ends into theslots of said plate and under the ends of said rods, and means foroperating the organboard through the medium of said strikerlcvers whensaid movable frame is depressed to engage the ends of said rods,substantially as set forth.

7. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, the combinationwith a case and a movable frame supported within said case, and providedwith a cross-bar, of keys pivoted in the upper part of said case andprovided with projecting noses adapted to take into perforated cards,rods pivoted to the lower ends of said levers, a slotted guideplatesupported within the case and adapted to guide the free ends of saidrods, strikerlevers pivotally supported in the base of the case andprovided with upwardly bent free ends adapted to project into the slotsof said plate, and means for operating through the medium of saidstriker-levers the keys of the organ-board when said movable frame isdopressed, substantially as set forth.

8. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, the combinationwith a case and a movable frame supported therein, of striker-leverspivotally supported in the base of the case, strikers on thestriker-levers and transverse key-levers located under thestriker-levers and adapted to be operated by the depression of saidstrikers, keys pivoted within the upper part of the case and providedwith projecting noses adapted to take into perforated cards, and meanslocated between the keys and striker-levers for effecting through theoperation of said movable frame the conjoint action of said keys andstriker-levers, substantially as set forth.

9. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, the combinationwith a case and a movable frame supported therein, of key-leverspivotally supported Within the base of the case, and adapted to engagethe keys of the organ-board, means interposed between the movable frameand said key-levers whereby the same are actuated, a movable stop barsupported adjacent to the free ends of said key-levers, and means foractuating said stop-bar by the depression of said frame, substantiallyas set forth.

10. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, thecombination with a case and a movable frame supported therein,of aseries of key-levers pivotally supported within the base of the case,means interposed between the movable frame and the key-levers fordepressing the latter, a movable stop-bar located adjacent to the freeends of said keylevers, a roller adapted to coact with said stop-bar,means for movably supporting the stop-bar and roller, and means forengaging said roller for actuating said stop-bar through the depressionof said movable frame, substantially as set forth.

1]. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, thecombination with a case, a movable frame support-ed therein, a bracketdepending from said frame, a pivoted paw located on said bracket, aseries of key-levers supported within the base of the case, meansinterposed between the movable frame and said key-levers whereby thelatter are actuated, a stop-bar-movably supported adjacent to the freeends of said key-levers, and a roller adapted to move said stop-bar whenengaged by the pawl through the depression of said movable frame,substantially as set forth.

12. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, thecombination with a case and a movable frame supported therein, andprovided with a depending bracket, of a key pivoted in the upper part ofthe ease and provided with a projecting nose, a rod pivoted to said keyand guided in said bracket, apivoted lever, located within the case andprovided with a stop adapted to engage the free end of said rod,key-levers pivoted within the base of the case and adapted to beactuated through the medium of said frame, a stop-bar movably supportedadjacent to the free end of said key-levers and a roller adapted to movesimultaneously with said stop-bar, said roller being engaged atintervals by the end of the first mentioned lever, substantially as setforth.

13. In a mechanism for actuating the keyboards of organs, thecombination of a case and a movable frame supported therein, andprovided with a depending bracket, of a key pivotally supported in theupper part of the case and provided with a projecting nose adapted totake into perforated cards, a tinger pivoted to said key and adapted tobe guided within said bracket, a pawl pivoted to said bracket andprovided with an upwardly projecting stem adapted to be engaged by saidfinger, key-levers pivotally supported on the base of the case, astop-bar movably supported adjacent to the free ends of said key-levers,and a roller connected with and adapted to move simultaneously with saidstop-bar, when engaged by said pawl, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

CLAUDE GAVIOLI.

Witnesses:

CLYDE SHRoPsI-IIRE, J. LAoosrE.

